Free PDF In the World Interior of Capital: Towards a Philosophical Theory of Globalization, by Peter Sloterdijk
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In the World Interior of Capital: Towards a Philosophical Theory of Globalization, by Peter Sloterdijk
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Displaying the distinctive combination of narration and philosophy for which he is well known, this new book by Peter Sloterdijk develops a radically new account of globalization at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The author takes seriously the historical and philosophical consequences of the notion of the earth as a globe, arriving at the thesis that what is praised or decried as globalization is actually the end phase in a process that began with the first circumnavigation of the earth � and that one can already discern elements of a new era beyond globalization.�
In the end phase of globalization, the world system completed its development and, as a capitalist system, came to determine all conditions of life. Sloterdijk takes the Crystal Palace in London, the site of the first world exhibition in 1851, as the most expressive metaphor for this situation. The palace demonstrates the inevitable exclusivity of globalization as the construction of a comfort structure � that is, the establishment and expansion of a world interior whose boundaries are invisible, yet virtually insurmountable from without, and which is inhabited by one and a half billion winners of globalization; three times this number are left standing outside the door.
- Sales Rank: #624871 in Books
- Published on: 2013-10-07
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x .80" w x 6.00" l, 1.10 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 280 pages
Review
"Confirms Sloterdijk as the thinking European's Slavoj ?i?ek, as restlessly digressive as his Slovenian counterpart, but even more intellectually reckless and better company."
The Guardian
"In the last few years Sloterdijk has moved from a figure of relative obscurity in Anglophone debates to being one of the key thinkers of our time. This wide-ranging, engaging, thoughtful and provocative book illustrates why. An unashamedly grand narrative, it engages with both the philosophical and political complexities of the question of the world. It is once again presented in a very fine translation by Wieland Hoban."
Stuart Elden, Durham University
"Peter Sloterdijk never disappoints when it comes to producing an original point of view. Equally, he never disappoints in the magnitude of his ambitions. In this deeply original and hyper-ambitious book, he presents a history of globalization, no less. In doing so, he resurrects what has become a tired and hackneyed term by reconstituting it as a drama of location but one wherein the notion of location is itself brought into the play as a central element of the plot. And what a play it is, the play of an ever-increasing density of events and an ever-decreasing concentration of purpose which – if we’re not very careful – will produce a 'last orb'. Wonderful stuff which restores our faith in the power of grand narratives."
Nigel Thrift, University of Warwick
About the Author
Peter Sloterdijk (b. 1947) is one of the best known and widely read German intellectuals writing today. His 1983 publication of "Critique of Cynical Reason" (published in English in 1988) became the best-selling German book of philosophy since World War II. He became president of the State Academy of Design at the Center for Art and Media in Karlsruhe in 2001. He has been cohost of a discussion program, "Das Philosophische Quartett" (Philosophical Quartet) on German television since 2002.
Most helpful customer reviews
25 of 27 people found the following review helpful.
Heavy reading, but worth the effort
By R. Schwenk
Reading the publisher's blurb might give you the impression that "In the World Interior of Capital" is a devastating critique of Capitalism and the gap between rich and poor. This would be a misleading impression. Here is a partial list of what the book IS about:
o An overview of the European conquest of the world (see also Ecological Imperialism) from 1492 to the middle of the 20th century. This historical phase is dominated by nautical feats, commerce over vast distances, and the rise of supporting institutions like insurance and slavery.
o A study of the metaphor of the globe and how it affected European thinking.
o A description of life inside the "Crystal Palace", Sloterdijk's metaphor for where Capitalism's winners reside.
o A speculation about future trends and how leftist visions of the future may be self-contradictory.
o A series of essays illuminating some aspects of globalization and some tangentially related issues.
The book is dense, academic, and erudite. It demands a close reading. Sloterdijk enjoys playing with words. He also enjoys ripping them apart to discover meanings within meanings. (The translator does a superb job here.) He also displays a sly sense of humor in his understatements and oblique references. He assumes his readers are familiar with a vast range of history, philosophy, and literature. Those who have read Dostoyevsky, Nietzsche, and Heidegger will find the going easier.
There is much to like in this book. Each chapter contains something of value, even if it is merely a sidebar to the main topic.
The difficulty that I have with the book can be summarized as "lack of urgency" and "idealism". For Sloterdijk, ideas matter. They clash in his mind and lead him to self-evident conclusions. He is like a theoretical physicist who needs only a handful of experimental results to describe the nature of black holes. I found myself longing for more illustrative examples or, heaven forbid, a dose of materialism. This relates to my other complaint. I can't figure out what Sloterdijk actually cares about. He describes the lunacy of those within the "Crystal Palace", but he is more bemused than outraged. He provides an insightful critique of the United States during the G.W. Bush administration, but he seems unconcerned about the possible catastrophic consequences of neoliberal economics or neoconservative military adventures.
On balance, I was very glad to have read the book. Sloterdijk is an original thinker with an ability to see connections across disciplines. Those unafraid of academic-speak will enjoy this book.
For more on European expansion, see Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900-1900 (Studies in Environment and History).
For an earlier Sloterdijk book that I enjoyed, see Critique of Cynical Reason (Theory and History of Literature, Volume 40)
22 of 25 people found the following review helpful.
From an Author Who Loves Metaphors as Ends in Themselves
By not a natural
In the World Interior of Capital is a dense and beautifully written book produced by the German philosopher Peter Sloterdijk, an author of prodigious erudition. These same qualities, along with the prevailing interest in globalization that characterizes our age, seem certain to join in yielding an enormous exaggeration of the book's value. The author's audacious use of unsubstantiated assertions, inferences, and interpretations is matched by the overweening arrogance with which he casts aside, unexamined and without hesitation, the work of sociologists and political scientists as of no more value than (gasp!) journalistic accounts.
For reasons that he does not explain, the author is convinced that the social sciences lack the conceptual wherewithal and scholarly discipline to give us anything better than hopelessly superficial and wildly misleading hack-work accounts of globalization. Sloterdijk characterizes social scientific understanding of globalization as nothing more than a "topos," an empty figure of speech. Only philosophy, as the author would have it, is up to the task of enabling us to understand globalization and its profound and manifold implications. Again, the superiority of unspecified kinds of philosophical investigations, as with the shameful limitations of the social sciences, is just shoved in the reader's face. The author may have concluded that he made his choice of disciplines with such unalloyed certainty and linguistic strength that we dare not question him. And truth be told, I would run from a debate with someone possessed of the author's power over language and his broad range of references.
Having set the stage for his rendition of globalization, the author devotes most of the first half of his book to making an historically informed case that the world is an oblate spheroid covered mostly with water, and about one-third constituted of uneven and irregular masses of land. Globalization, thus, is possible because the earth is shaped like an orb, and vast expanses of water provide opportunities for mobility from one land mass to another, back and forth as needed.
I agree that it seems odd to devote 136 pages to that which seems so obvious, but the author might argue that what he's given us seems obvious only because he's made it explicit. Too often, he insists, the earth's inhabitants have thought in land-centric terms, and in recent centuries, if we thought of the earth as a globe or an orb we tacitly dismissed the consequences as innocuous and uninteresting. In earlier millennia, moreover, few or none thought of the earth as anything but flat. The heroic efforts of Columbus and other seaworthy explorers, especially Magellan, gave us the first indisputable evidence that we lived on a globe, a place where one could return to a starting point without the usual land-based retracing.
Given the transportation and shipping possibilities offered by a largely aquatic orb, the physical conditions best suited to globalization were in place. Moreover, since the dominant developing economic system, capitalism, was unfettered by national borders, there need be neither natural nor man-made barriers to economic transactions and cultural discourse among nations.
The author quotes Adam Smith as one of the first to point out that capitalism was neither nation-specific nor constrained by cartographers' boundaries. This might reasonably be taken as intimating the possibility of integrated world markets. However, not until Marx did anyone explicitly foresee an integrated world market, or globalization as we commonly understand it. This distinction may seem inconsequential, but it alerts us to the author's penchant for devaluing Marx and his work throughout In the World Interior of Capital. When the author derides Marx with the passing observation that there is more to the social world than the relations of production he is doing nothing more than making a point with which Marx would emphatically agree. Whatever one's view of Marx and his scholarship, it is evident throughout In the World Interior of Capital that the author, as with other post-modernist scholars, feels compelled to discredit Marx lest his own argument be weakened. Off-handedly discrediting Marx is, I suppose, consistent with the author's rejection of the explanatory value of the social sciences generally.
But Adam Smith was a social scientist, and Sloterdijk reveres him. Perhaps the author facilely rejects only those social scientists whom he perceives as a threat. However, as with Marx, Smith was a proponent of the labor theory of value which is sharply at odds with the author's position. Such contradictions, however, while obvious, do not trouble Sloterdijk.
In addition, the author's erudition has limits which in some instances are quite damaging. Deeply indebted to Nietzsche, he devotes a great deal of space to the boredom, need for endless entertainment, and the meaninglessness that imbue the much-too-easy lives of people today. Human beings generally are presented as super-sated, unnaturally comfortable monads who have no purpose other than to make further concessions to their desire to be pampered. The author clearly does not know what to do about this, though he plays briefly with Nietzsche's notion of striving for the status of "supermen." Were Sloterdijk familiar with the work of the French sociologist Emile Durkheim, however, he would know that brilliant social scientists have productively struggled with the same issues and have useful things to say, especially with regard to the nature and need for social belonging and normative constraint.
In fundamental respects, the author seems to be writing about a world that is very different from ours. The burdens of abundance that he finds crucially problematic are unknown to most of the people on our planet. Have they been dealt a bad hand by globalization, or are they simply at the wrong place at the wrong time to interest Sloterdijk? The author is nothing if not Eurocentric.
Furthermore, the United States may very well be the hegemonic power that holds the world capitalist system together. Otherwise, however, Sloterdijk's description of America and Americans is, at best, hopelessly outdated and inexcusably superficial. This is especially the case insofar as he renders us blindly homogeneous in our outlook and expectations. The American Dream, as the author understands it, has been battered beyond recognition, and Americans are not so naive as to be ignorant to this. Someone should explain it to Sloterdijk.
When all is said and done, I find it difficult to take seriously an author who construes globalization to be fundamentally a world-cultural phenomenon. Nevertheless, Sloterdijk's treatment of globalization as otherwise an overblown figure of speech clarifies his rejection of social scientific concepts. Like so many post-modernist authors, he is not averse to presenting interpretations that make the reader feel a bit foolish and off balance for studying his first 200 or so pages so carefully.
7 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
Urbi et Orbi
By Junglies
I must admit to finding this book an excellent read even though it is difficult to get into initially but gradually unfolds in a way that is very rewarding. I also must confess to having a very different perspective on the world to the author but the challenge he sets me in addressing some fundamental issues about my own views helps me to illuminate and clarify, as well as shake, those views and yet still hold to them after coming to his conclusion has been a thrilling experience.
I am reminded of my first reading of Robert Nozick's "Anarchy, State and Utopia" which was a very uplifting experience for me when I came to the end, it was if I had suddenly gained a different perspective as someone who has never flown sees the world very differently once they become airborne.
This is no writing about small things, it is a grandstand view of the development of capitalism from fragments which many do not consider to be pertinent to that development. The author sees the world as being incorporated into a single economic system through the gradual expansion of human activity in search of wealth as the engine which motivates people to seek out the new.
His treatment of the notion of spontaneous activity turns the Austrian economists and radical subjectivists concept into a result of the search for wealth as opposed to an innate feature of human kind. For me this raises more questions than it answers especially the question of what is the alternative and how does one find it.
Another view he propagates is the maya of the vast numbers of the global population who do not have access to the power of wealth yet participate in the economic system rather like gamblers who are addicted to the possibility of winning the jackpot despite the probability of such an outcome being ever so slight. Their continuance to use their incomes in that vain hope under the mantra of "you've got to be in it to win it" is paralled by those who have had some minor reward in investment in property and savings but really have done little more that provide padding for themselves.
He talks of the end of history, as Francis Fukuyama and Karl Marx and others before him but for him Fukuyama's view seems to have been subsumed in the culmination of the extension of capitalism world wide while dealing with great flexibility of different political systems. Indeed, in many ways his book reminds me much of Marx. But where others who viewed the Marxian view as a way to change the world as class consciousness spread, Sloterdijk has portrayed the non-wealthy rather like lotus eaters who are cogs in a machine that they cannot perceive.
I am not qualified to speak on his use of metaphor for that is not my area but one of the things that I find about this book is a rather mischievous tendency to wonder whether the author's intent is to just make one think. It is almost as if, as you go along studying the text you suddenly discover a paragraph where you undergo a gestalt switch and see both sides of his argument?
In many ways the book is like a play but where the stage is global and the players flittering figments such as those who fly past as shadows in one of the films made about H.G. Wells' "Time Machine". But aside from that I can heartily recommend this book for anyone to read. Indeed the recent death of British politician, Anthony Wedgewood (Tony) Benn forcibly reminded me how important it is that we study the views of others to understand them and to help us examine our own views to continue to develop our thinking and I am reminded of the works of Karl Popper and Nassim Nicholas Taleb here.
An essential text, well worth sticking with and very stimulating food for thought.
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